VOL.27, NO.3
Health Promoting Green Space Design in Learning and Work Environments: A Theoretical and Practical Framework
Wan-Yu Chou, Shih-Han Hung, Chun-Yen Chang
In the structure of modern urbanized society, most students and workers spend the majority of their time in buildings or indoor environments lacking natural elements, leading to issues such as lack of concentration, fatigue, anxiety, irritability, and other negative physical and mental health problems. However, numerous studies have indicated that exposure to natural environments or elements can significantly improve individuals' physical and mental health. This study categorizes the green spaces related to learning and work behavior into three types: "indoor greenery," "outdoor natural spaces," and "natural views." It further explores the health-promoting benefits of these different types of spaces, and based on theoretical and empirical research, proposes green design principles that promote user health. Additionally, the study uses AI-assisted illustrations to demonstrate the potential application of these design principles in learning and work environments. This paper identifies three types of green space design for learning and work environments to enhance users' contact with nature: establishing indoor greenery systems, creating natural views, and planning outdoor natural spaces. These design strategies not only improve the quality of learning and work environments supporting users' health and well-being, but also highlight significant development trends in landscape research and practice.
The relationship between Playfulness, Group Climate, Experience Economy, Place Attachment and Revisit Intention—A Study of Reality Puzzle Game
Sih-Cin Luo, Po-Ju Chang
In recent years, live-action puzzle games have become increasingly popular at various tourism and recreational destinations, emerging as a highly favored group leisure activity. This study first explores the experience of live-action puzzle games through the lens of the experience economy theory. Then, it examines the relationship between the experience economy and revisit intention based on this concept. Finally, it compares the influence of different experience types on revisit intention. The study targets tourists who have participated in games at outdoor recreational sites, collecting a total of 166 valid questionnaires, which were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate: (1) playfulness and group involvement positively influence the experience economy; (2) place attachment mediates the relationship between the experience economy and revisit intention; (3) among various experience types, the higher the levels of escapism, aesthetic, and entertainment experiences, the stronger the tourists' place attachment and revisit intention. Conversely, higher levels of educational experiences are associated with lower place attachment and revisit intention. Therefore, enhancing the connection between the game and the location, while focusing on improving escapism, aesthetics, and entertainment experiences, will help build revisit intention. These findings are expected to assist future studies within the experience economy framework and provide insights for game companies and tourism units developing future game projects.
The Study of Cultural Cognition, Experiential Value and Revisiting Intention in Reality Game - Taking Jianguo Military Dependents' Villages as An Example
Yen-Hsi Li , Hui-Chun Xu
The culture of Jianguo Military Dependents' Villages is a relatively distant historical event for us. If we can guide tourists to understand the events and culture that happened in this place through a relaxed real-life game, so that tourists can use an innovative experience mode when they come to Jianguo Military Dependents' Villages for sightseeing and recreation, which can trigger a spontaneous, participatory and integrated sightseeing experience, through the application of a reality game, not only the benefits of tourism, tourism innovation and tourism can be improved, but also the great benefit to the cultural promotion, preservation and establishment of Jianguo Military Dependents' Villages as a tourist indicator of Huwei Town. Therefore, this study introduces a real-life game experience to explore the differences in cultural cognition before and after the event, the generation of experiential value, and the degree of revisiting intention as the research topics. Based on the research results, giving some good suggestions and providing references for the management units of Jianguo Military Dependents' Villages to operate and promote activities.
VOL.27, NO.2
Effects of Introducing the Taiwanese Language into Horticultural Landscape Education on Language Learning and Professional Motivation
Hung-Ming Tu
The primary goal of this project aims to stimulate motivation for learning the Taiwanese language and the profession by introducing a 5-minute Taiwanese intervention without modifying the existing course content. This program consists of six horticultural and landscape courses that include Taiwanese vocabulary and explanations for expanded vocabulary. Learning motivation scales and open-ended questions were administered at the end of the final course to evaluate the motivation. The research findings indicate that the six programs strongly motivate students to learn about horticultural landscapes, with over half continuing to study Taiwanese due to its integration. The qualitative results demonstrate that the six programs offer engaging and practical content that is easy to understand. The programs effectively improve professional skills and give learners a sense of accomplishment. Including pinyin teaching in the Taiwanese program makes it particularly appealing, as it enhances accurate pronunciation. The pinyin instruction should be easy to
comprehend and include self-learning materials that are straightforward and captivating. The main driving force behind learning Taiwanese is the desire to gain a competitive advantage in future career opportunities, making it highly compelling.
Identifying the Factors of Tourists’ Pro-environmental Behavioral Intentions to Cultural Landscapes: The Case of Jinguashi
and Jiufen Mining Heritage Destinations
Chung-Hsien Lin, Yuan-I Eric Yeh, Wei-Ching Wang
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the perceptions of cultural landscape elements, preferences for cultural landscapes, perceived values of cultural landscapes, and tourists’ behavioral intention to engage in pro-environmental behavior. A total of 548 valid convenience samples of tourists were collected from the Jinguashi and Jiufen mining heritage destinations using a self-administered on-site questionnaire. The results show that tourists’ perceptions of cultural landscape elements included “historical
elements”, “mountain scenery elements” and “trail elements”; perceived values of cultural landscapes included “memory”, “sense of belonging to place” and “mass destination”. Perceptions of cultural landscape elements, preferences for cultural landscapes and perceived values of cultural landscapes are important factors of tourists’ pro-environmental behavioral intention to protect the cultural landscapes of a mining heritage destination. The findings suggest that destination management organizations (DMOs) can provide a variety of cultural landscape elements and enhance the perceived value of cultural landscape to facilitating the occurrence of ‘historical element-based’ conservation behaviors among tourists.
Estimation of Carbon Sequestration Capacity of Urban Trees - A Case Study of Daan Forest Park in Taipei City
Chyi-Rong Chiou, Yu-Ting Lin
Climate change and global warming have become major issues around the world, and how to reduce greenhouse gas emissions effectively is a common challenge facing the world. Urban trees play an important role in carbon dioxide reduction in urban areas, but their carbon sequestration capacity is not well understood. This study takes Daan Forest Park in Taipei City as an example to establish a tree growth estimation model and estimate the carbon storage and carbon sequestration of urban trees. In this study, a regression formula for the annual growth rate of trees was established, and its R2 value was greater than 0.7, which could be effectively applied to the future growth prediction of trees. If supplemented by regular review, a correction regression formula could be further established to improve the validity of the prediction. In 2019, the carbon storage densities of trees in Daan Forest Park ranged from 39.49 to 65.84 ton C/ha, and the total carbon storage ranged from 1024.07 to 1707.30 ton C. From 2019 to 2021, the annual average carbon sequestration density of trees in Daan Forest Park ranges from 1.16 to 2.55 ton C/ha/ year. After careful comparison and assessment, 129.33 tons CO2e/year appears to be the more precise annual average carbon sequestration quantity among the results. We recommend using this value for external comparisons. The use of different estimation formulas and coefficients has a great impact on the estimation results. When estimating the carbon storage and carbon sequestration of urban trees in the future, the estimation methods and coefficients should be carefully selected to improve the estimation accuracy. In the future, longer-term growth monitoring and the establishment of
local urban tree species data in Taiwan are still needed to better estimate the carbon sequestration capacity of urban trees.
VOL.27, NO.1
Evaluating Teaching Performance of Interactive Question-and-Answer in Landscape Courses
Hung-Ming Tu
High school learning experiences for university students remain largely centered around rote memorization and traditional lectures. Some courses have adopted flipped classroom methods to improve the problems of traditional lectures in the university. However, the large number of students in a large class increases the difficulty of flipping the classroom and reduces the chance of interaction. Technological advances have enabled classroom interaction with students through smartphones. With traditional lecture classes, online interactive question-and-answer may improve classroom interaction and teaching performance. In this study, a large class and two small classes of landscaping were used as examples. Zuvio software was used for online interactive question-and-answer. University Teacher Instructional Evaluation Scale was used to evaluate teaching performance. The results showed that each course had positive satisfaction in each dimension of teaching performance after using the online interactive question-and-answer. The scores of the large class were still slightly lower than those of the small class. However, the satisfaction of the large class had no significant difference compared to that of the small class. The effect of the large class was similar to that of small-class teaching. The qualitative analysis indicated that the characteristics of interactive questionand-answer were anonymous responses, self-reflection, flexibility, and improved teaching quality. Fairness issues should be considered for the inclusion of interactive question-and-answer in grades. This study recommended that interactive question-and-answer be included in future large classrooms to improve teaching and learning.
The Influences of Different Environmental Types and Threats on Perceived Danger
Pin-Jong Chen, Yi-Chun Kuo, Chia-Kuen Cheng
Landscape preference is the result of a series of interactions between people and the environment. The generation process of preference involves a variety of influencing factors, among which perceived danger is considered an important factor affecting preference. Past research has believed that perceived dangers come from different environmental threats, which can be divided into natural threats caused by natural factors and social threats caused by man-made crimes. However, when discussing different threats, most focus on specific environments: for example, physical threats to natural environments, social threats to urban environments. The relationship between different environmental types and threat types is rarely discussed. This study used a photo questionnaire method to allow subjects to evaluate two different types of landscapes, natural and urban, and used different situations to reinforce their social and natural threats, while controlling individuals' ability to resist threats and their attraction to threats. The results of the study found that people were more threatened by nature in natural environments, but social threat was not affected by location; while situational manipulation did not change people's perceptions of natural threat, situations of social aggression did induce higher social threat. The two threat types are related, showing that both threats work together to influence perceived danger. The results of this study help to understand the shaping mechanism of environmental security and provide reference for future landscape planning and design.
Evaluation of Applying Terrestrial Laser Scanning For Volume of Urban Tree Pruning
Chyi-Rong Chiou, Xiang-Yao Deng
In the past, the volumes and the carbon sequestration of pruning branches ware often ignored and it was hard to be precisely calculated because of complex calculation. This study scanned six species of six trees in Daan forest park though Terrestrial Laser Scanning (Lidar scans). To compare the diffident volumes of trees before and after pruning and calculate the volumes of pruning branches, we used point clouds to measure the volumes of the trees by visual measurement and TreeQSM algorithm. The results showed that Lidar scans can estimate the volumes of pruned branches as well as the amount of pruning branches change. Though classified point clouds of pruned branches, parallel branches had largest volumes of all branch categories. This research proved the volumes of pruned branches cloud be quantified and cloud be traced back the condition though Lidar scans. It clouds provide a model for pruning works in the future and be as a reference and guidance for pruning practice, which clouds ensure the quality of pruning though reviewing and evaluating the Lidar data.