VOL.5, NO.2

THE STUDY OF COLOR PROGRAM IN LANDSCAPE PLANNING

Pei-Chyi Wang, Yann-Jou Lin

The main purpose of this study was to explore the factors that affect color adaptation of facilities. By reviewing some studies and theories, four factors including environmental color, object character, color sense and individual character were chosen to test study hypothesis.  Applying the technology of visual simulation, the author simulated three environmental colors (blue coast, green meadow and gray rock), two types of facilities (the alcove and lavatory) and seven colors of facilities (red, yellow, green, blue, purple, brown and gray) to investigate the color adaptation and color sense. Statis- tical methods including MANOVA, ANOVA, t-test and correlational analysis were used.  The major results are summarized as follows: (1) Environmental color will affect color adaptation of facilities. The colors of facilities that have similar harmonious relation with environmental color get the higher score. (2) Object character will affect color adaptation of facilities. Object with habitual color has different levels of color adaptation. (3)The degree of similarity between facility's color sense and environmental color sense will affect color adaptation of facilities. But is not a major factor. (4) Individual characters will affect the judgment of color adaptation of facilities.

PARK VISITORS' PERCEPTION OF INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR AND THE ACCEPTANCE OF INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES - A CASE STUDY OF NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS IN TAICHUNG

Jing-Shoung Hou, Chang-Jen Kuo

The purpose of this study was to understand visitors' perception of inappropriate behavior and the acceptance of inappropriate behavior management strategies in neighborhood parks. Six parks in Taichung city were sampled, and divided them into high, medium, and low perception of inappropriate behavior types. A Likert scale with 30-item attitude statement questionnaire was used to measure visitors' acceptance of inappropriate behavior management strategies.  Through factor analysis the variables representing inappropriate behavior management strategies were divided into six types and were named as education and communication, law-enforcement and prevention, practical participation, active admonition, normalized use, and self-disciplined. The results showed that, under different types of park, visitors showed different acceptance of inappropriate behavior management types. It was concluded that, under different situation of inappropriate behavior, park's managers should set up different management strategies.

THE COMPARISON OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AT NIGHT MARKETS -- A CASE STUDY OF GINGMEI, SHIHLIN, AND HUASHI STREET NIGHT MARKETS

Jia-Jy Yen, Eu-Chieh Lin, Urang-Pieng Lu, E-Chieh Chiou, Chih-Rhang Lee

The research studied the differences of consumers' environmental perception and  attitude among three types of night markets (Gingmei, Shihlin, and Huashi Street) . The results showed there were significant differences in the aspects of consumers' perception and attitude of these three night markets. At the aspects of environmental perception, there were significant differences on the perception of vending types and environmental image among these night markets.  Consumers' attitudes on night markets were condensed to five factors. These were eating and drinking, marketing, fun, shopping, and excluding loneliness factor. On the four factors of consumers' attitudes, there were significant differences on eating and drinking, marketing, fun, shopping among these night markets.  As to the market segmentation, consumers in three night markets could be segmented into two to three groups.  The consumers' groups in Huashi Street were Indifferent type, Function-oriented type, and Entertainment shopping type. The Shihlin consumers' groups were Eating and amusing type, and Street shopping type.  The consumers on Gingmei could be segmented into three clusters, which were Marketing type, Night market type, and Vigorous Shopping type.

UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS' PREFERENCES FORM OF EMPTY WINDOW AND BACKGROUND IN CHINESE GARDEN

Ming-JuLee, Sheng-Jung Ou

The main purpose of this study was to discuss the relationships for preference, form of empty window, and background in Chinese Garden. In addition, the study also examined if personal characteristics had influences on the preference of en framed landscapes created by different empty windows and backgrounds.  The study used computer simulation technique to construct experimental scenes. In total, the study created thirty experimental scenes by combining six empty windows (e.g, fan, begonia, octagon, circle, square, and vase) and five backgrounds (e.g, pavilion, waterfront, stone, banana, and bamboo). Color slides and the structured-direct questionnaire were the major measurement tools in this study. Through one-stage cluster sampling, the study obtained 249 valid samples from six universities. The selected sarples all majored in landscape architecture. The study used T-test, two-way analysis of variance, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskall-Wallis one-way analysis of variance to describe the results and examine the research hypotheses. Considering the findings, the study proposed two major conclusions as following:
1.Respondents' preferences were significantly influenced by the interaction of different forms of empty window and backgrounds.
2. Respondents with different gender and landscape design experience had no significant differences for preferences.

INFLUENCES OF AESTHETIC ATTRIBUTES OF URBAN SCULPTURE SITES ON EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES

Cheng-Kang Huang, Yann-Jou Lin

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of physical and acsthetics attributes in urban sculpture sites on users' emotional experiences.  Physical atributes are: two catalogues of outdoor space area -- larger than 100 mand smaller than 100m', two catalogues of sculpture dimension - the multiplication of the maximum width and height larger than 20m' and smaller than 20 m?, as well as two kinds of sculpture material -- metal and stone have been examined as the factors associated with emotional experiences. Aesthetic attributes are theme, simplicity, mass, complexity, technology, balance and contrast.  The emotional experience survey was conduct right on the spots, which was selected according to the investigation of sculpture sites in Taipei. The aesthetic scores were obtained from professional sculptors. Study results are summarized as follows:
1. Four fundamental emotional experiences are found through factor analysis. They are distressing-- fearful, leisurely-calm, exhilarating-joyful, and disorder-awful.
2 Whatever on the larger or smaller spaces, the strongest emotional response toward the larger sculptures was 'exhilarating-joyful.' The strongest emotional response toward the smaller sculp- tures was 'leisurely--calm.'
3. The conrelation between the degrees of aesthetic attributes and emotional responses only happened on 'exhilarating-joyful' for all study sites. Characters about theme, technology and contrast of sculpture would lead to this emotional experience.  In different catalogues of physical situation of sculpture site status, aesthetic attributes would have correlation with different emotional experiences.

A SIMULATION APPROACH ON THE VISITORS' DISTRIBUTION AT ZOO OF TAIPEI CITY

Chun-Yen Chang

Crowding is one of the prominent problems in the recreation areas of Taiwan.  Managers have to equip with more and more database for making appropriate decisions. Computer simuiation provides fast and accurate tools for providing information for the managers.  Therefore, this study tried to apply computer simulation to the park management for more beneficial project for the crowding problem.
Most of the crowding research articles emphasize on the visitors' cognition, although density is not the most critical factor for the crowding perception.  However, it is a necessary and important management factor. Therefore, this study tried to apply the queuing theory of operation research to predict and discuss visitors' distribution. The Zoo of Taipei City, which is one of the leading education centers in Taiwan, was selected as the testing site. However, the crowding problem during the weekend happens repeatedly. According to the study of The Zoo, the demand of transportation system in the Zoo will be 4000-5000 people in one day at the year 2001, which can not afforded by the existing transport system.
The purpose of this study is to:
1. Propose the manageable parameters of visitors' carrying capacity by the simulation, which is a useful tool for the decision-makers.
2. Built the simulation model of the testing site, discuss the process of how to simplifying the real condition to a simulation model.
3. Create a decision-aid system for the recreation capacity problems for the theme park managers by proposing an appropriate management parameters of the theme park.
The result shows there are no statistically significant differences between the simulated distribution and real visitors' distribution.  This proves the effectiveness of the simulation model. Furthermore, there are no statistically significant differences between real visitors' distribution and visitors' crowding perception at different locations.  The result supports the importance of the density factor on visitors' crowding perception.