VOL.14, NO.4
RESEARCH ON THE TOURISTS' ENVIRONMENTAL SATISFACTION AND IMAGE OF THE IMAGE BUSINESS DISTRICT IN HSIN-CHU CITY
Li-Shueh Lee, Miao-Fei Lin
In order to cope with the transformation of the consumer market, and integrated with local cultural features, the government has been planning to advocate the images business districts since 1995. This research on the environmental image and marketing position of tourists experienced at the Beimen Street and Grand-East-Gate Canal tradition image business districts in Hsin-Chu City. As results, the tourists do think the environment and image correspond to the marketing position of these business districts. On the aspect of environmental image, tourists of the Beimen Street district agree on the "old acquaintance" and "familiar" sense; and the environmental image of Grand-East-Gate Canal as "modern-comfortable" and "commercial- spirited". The tourists' environmental satisfaction had related to the environmental images, then the "modern-comfortable" sense of tourist experience the business district ties with environmental satisfaction closely.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PREFERENCE AND PERCEPTION OF HERBACEOUS FLOWER COLOR COMBINATION
Chao-Ting Huang, Yann-Jou Lin
The purpose of this study was devoted to investigate the relationship between color preference and perception. Color harmony theory was applied to design four herbaceous flower colors pictures of color combination with different hues. Twelve color perceptions were derived based on color psychology theory. Respondents were interviewed at NTU campus and 400 valid samples were obtained. Study results were summarized as following: 1. The value of color preference for complementary color was higher than others. 2. The preference and twelve color perception were significantly and positively correlated. 3. The explanatory capability of regression model for color preference was 48.1%, and ten color perceptions were significant predictors.
COLOR PREFERENCE OF SHRUB HEDGE -LANTANA AS EXAMPLE
Chang Chin-Yu, Yang Jyun-Sheng
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the color preference of shrub hedge. The cultivated varieties of lantana can provide many different flower colors. The study simulated different flower colers' groups of lantana hedge under the same street background to test younger's color preference. The results show that the attributes of younger will not affect the color preference. The younger was not fond of the hedge grouping with single white flower lantana. The next undesirable color was the pink flower lantana hedge. The best preference was the bright and plenty of flower color lantana. However the white flower matching with pink flower lantana was more to be loved. Because these two colors' tone is resembling. The result can provide designer to arrange different flower colors to create beautiful hedge.
A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN RECREATION MOTIVATION AND SATISFACTION IN FENG-LE PARK WITH OUTSOURCING OPERATION
Su-Hsin Lee, Chao-Jen Chen, Chung-Heng Hsieh
This thesis aims to examine the relationship between visitors' recreational motivation, and tourists' satisfaction towards Fong-le Park's management after it was outsourced to a private company. This research shows that regarding the private company's management of the city park, visitors who view the park's function as a way of being closer to nature are not satisfied with the private company's "paying for service" policy. The results provide suggestions about the policy of urban parks' management are below. (1) The government should reduce the opportunity of urban parks' outsourcing to private management. (2) The government needs to set a limit for commercial activities to avoid turning urban park into urban theme park.
VOL.14, NO.3
INFLUENCES OF NATURE ENVIRONMENTS ON THE AUTISTIC CHILDREN: SURVEY RESULTS OF PARENTS AND TEACHERS
Ke-Tsung Han, Meng-Yu Wang, Shiu-Yu Ho
Autism is an innate ailment of brain, which causes developmental obstacles. The current remedy often uses "systematic teaching." However, based on the experience of personal caring for the children with autism, the parients believe that the existing treatments fail to deal with the frightened emotions deeper inside the autistic children when facing with unfamiliar situations. In addition, most parients believe that contact with nature is helpful for the autistic children's emotions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the in uences of natural environments on the children with autism by interviewing the parients and the teachers of the autistic children. This study recruited 25 children with autism as the subjects, who lived in the cities or counties of Taichung and Changhwa. During the study period (from Nov. 12 2006 to April 28 2007), these children remained their routine lives without any additional treatments and were brought to natural environments by their parents at their wills. The results of content analyses of three interviews with the subjects' parents and teachers indicated that at least 19 children (76%) had improvements and among which the most popular was in behavior, the second most popular was in emotion, and the third communication.
A STUDY OF VISITORS' RECREATION IMPACT COGNITION ON THE DEGREE OF ACCEPTANCE: A CASE STUDY AT TAICHUNG METROPOLITAN PARK
Yi-kai Chuang, Jing-Shoung Hou
Taichung Metropolitan Park is a popular destination located at the fringe of Taichung city, bounded by densely populated surroundings. Although "Biological Park" is the initial management objective, the park turns to provide multiple uses and services for various visitors after reviewing con icts between visitor requirements and management purpose in recent years. It is an important issue to adapt visitor management approaches regarding different recreation uses and visitor attributes in park area. The purposes of this research were to investigate the factors about recreation impact cognition from visitors and to test visitors' cognition variations in different use conditions by reviewing researches about recreation impact cognition and "visitor type". According to the test results, some visitor management approaches have been suggested. The statistical approaches were used to analyze 392 structural questionnaires included visitors' characteristics and acceptance of recreation impacts cognition.
The results of the study indicated that recreation impacts can be divided into three dimensions: Natural Environment, Service Facility, and Recreation Behavior. Characteristics of the visitors can be classified into three types, including "general leisure type", "health and social gathering type", and "natural experience type". Significant differences of visitors' recreation impact cognition are revealed between the three types. The variances of recreation impact cognition are evident in different time periods separated into working days, Saturday and Sunday. Furthermore, the relationship between time periods and recreation impact cognition is in uenced by different visitor types and locations. In conclusion, for different time periods and locations, different visitor management approaches should be adapted to reduce recreation impact and to maintain the quality of recreation experience.
THE INFLUENCES OF HIGHWAY LIGHTING ON THE ROADSIDE AVIAN AND INSECTS ECOLOGY
Yen-Cheng Chiang, Pei-Yi Weng, Shin-Hwei Lin, Chun-Yen Chang
Traf c light has signi cant impacts on the animal and plants along the road. The effect includes the changes of their habitats, changes of their communities, sometimes it causes the destructive of the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to explore the in uence of highway arti cial lighting on the roadside avian and insect ecology. This study tries to investigate the natural environment along the national highway of Taiwan, which includes the understanding of the species and abundance of birds and insects. Point account method has been selected to be the survey of avian. In insect survey, use net-sweeping method and trap method to collect the data of insect. The result shows that there was less bird species in the lighter area compared to less-light areas. Further, more dead insects were found at the lighter area than the less light area. Finally, this study proposed the construction methods which could decrease the impacts of the arti cial traf c light to a minimum level.
ATTRACTION AND IMAGES OF RURAL TOURISM DESTINATIONS
Hsing-Fen Tang
Few studies have discussed the attraction and image of rural tourism destinations despite the increasing importance of such destinations due to the development of rural tourism. Thus, this study attempted to depict these destinations' attraction and image through qualitative and quantitative methods. The results indicated that visitors recognize the images of fresh air, free/ leisure time, rural scenery/ landscape, and relaxing/stress-free environments--images that comprise the primary attractions of rural tourism destinations. An exploratory factor analysis found that rural images include the dimensions of leisure/health, rural landscape, facility/ environmental experiences, featured food experiences, managerial environmental experiences, living culture, and learning adventures, with leisure/health and rural landscape being the primary dimensions. Meanwhile, the local food image, agriculture and related production image, and living culture image are all important unique image sources in regards to nature, product, and cultural factors. Based on the ndings, Taiwan's rural image has maintained its rurality. However, Taiwan's rural tourism images do not carry the unique images de ned by Echtner and Ritchie (1991).
VOL.14, NO.2
IMPACT EVALUATION ON LANDSCAPE PATTERN OF LAND-USE CONTROL POLICIES
Chen-Fa Wu
The impact of zoning and agricultural land release policies on landscape pattern is a major issue in urban planning and landscape ecology. This study combines an empirical land-use change model with landscape metrics and two-way ANOVA. These are used to simulate and assess the impacts of land use change scenarios on landscape pattern under zoning and agricultural land release policies in the Keelung watershed in northern Taiwan. The analyses of these landscape pattern scenarios reveal that agricultural land release policy increased landscape mosaic and zoning increased land use concentration. No agricultural land release policy and control environmental sensitivity area development was useful to preserve forest and grass area and decreased landscape mosaic.
LANDSCAPE NARRATIVES OF HISTORIC SITE – REUSE LU-GANG FU-XING GRANARY AS A VISITOR CENTER
Hui Tu, Jing-Shoung Hou
The traditional coverage of cultural asset preservation (e.g. a single structure) has been evolved into township, landscape, community or even various heritage assets among countries. Numerous renovation and rehabilitation plans have been applied to the forgotten historic site in Taiwan. This research explores how to conduct design works while reforming "Genius Loci" within the premises of current architecture, legal and historical constraints. The systematic concepts and operation mechanism of historical space design are built up by literature review and case studies. The method of Landscape Narratives is practiced in the reusing design of "Lu-Gang Fu-Xing Granary". The design main frame focuses on discussing "Genius Loci" in terms of historical site. The observation of historical elements and its meanings serves as the foundation of spatial development, thus the design concepts and its "Genius Loci" are defined from the activities and site relationships involved that the transformation presented in final design may serve as a reference of subsequent historic site projects.
RURAL TOURISM: CONTENT, CONSTRUCTION, AND PRACTICAL THINKING
Hsing-Fen Tang
Although the concept of "rural" may have lost some of its identity during the current era of modernism, "rurality" has become a more spiritual concept, resulting in an opportunity for rural tourism to provide rural development. Researchers have increasingly explored the field of rural tourism. However, discussions on definition, content, and types of rural tourism remain limited and inconsistent. Furthermore, in Taiwan the process of establishing rural tourism leads to many misunderstandings. Therefore, the current study aims to propose a re-thinking of the practice of rural tourism to gather meaningful suggestions for administrative institutes. By adopting
sustainable concepts in rural tourism, this study recreates the value of the tradition and rebuilds the cultural industry, identifying specific scenarios of rural or agricultural environments.
INFLUENCES OF SOUNDS ON ENVIRONMENTAL PREFERENCES
I-Ting Chen, Yann-Jou Lin
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of environmental sounds on people's preferences. The voices of birds, water and cicadas were used in this study. The results showed that the environmental preferences are higher when there are sounds in the environment. People like the environment with a combination of two sounds. The environments with voices of water and cicadas are most preferred. Besides, more sounds are expected at more complex environment. And the sounds expectation will affect environmental preferences.
VOL.14, NO.1
FACTORS AFFECTING GIRDLING ROOTS AND PREVENTING METHODS
Chang Chin Yu
A girdling roots (SGRs) grow around the base of the trunk rather than growing away from it. As both root and trunk increase in size, the root chokes the trunk. This paper was undertaken how and why do girdling roots form? which species are most likely to form and be injured by girdling roots? Trees growing in urban spaces such as streets, parking lots, commercial and other areas usually do not have enough space for their roots. Building foundations, curbs, retaining walls, containers and paving can all restrict the full growth of a tree's roots. Trees growing in such spaces are more subject to girdling roots. Compacted soil and improper planting techniques
also encourage the development of girdling roots. At last, we talk about the preventing methods of SGRs.
REPRESENTATIONAL MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN ─ CROSS-CASES STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN COMPETITIONS IN TAIWAN
Hou-Nan Tsai, Shih-Ya Tseng
Landscape is open to interpret and transform as a spatial text, with all characteristics that language has. For landscape architects who are used to communicate design with visual drawings, landscape architectural design and representation is not merely an illustration of geometric relationship but a process of critical thinking and value construction, which enables light and shadow, atmosphere, and texture happening in the landscape to connect with the physical experience. This article attempts to select the international competition awards of both 2004 Southern Palace Museum design project and 2006 Kaohsiung waterfront renovation project at wharfs 1-22 in Taiwan as cases study, as well as to explore how the design groups conceive and imagine the site thorough representational media and techniques with their visual ideologies. In other words, human rationality and sensibility can be made by the visual representation which is supported by the operation of image perception. The mixed utilization of representational media and techniques applied in landscape architectural design and description will allow the cultured landscape more readable and easier to be used to communicate for people.
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE APPLICATION OF HEDGE PLANTS IN TAIPEI REGION
Chun-Hung Chen, Yu-Sen Chang, Jung-Huei Hsu
Hedge plants play an important role in urban horticulture. The hedges are in the order based on the total planting length and using percentage, which were investigated in 25 parks and green- lands of Taipei region. The most common is Duranta repens cv. Golden Leaves, and followed by Rhododendron spp., Ixora williamsii, Schefflera arboricola, Ficus microcarpa. cv. Golden Leaves, Murraya paniculata, Cordyline fruticosa, Ardisia squamulosa, Osmanthus fragrans and Phyllanthus myrtifolius. And further, Schefflera arboricola, Phyllanthus myrtifolius, and Duranta repens cv. Golden Leaves were the betters, which were graded by ornamental quality from 5(fine) to 1 (poor). The average soil pH of investigated park was feasible at 6.87 (±0.56), and EC (electrical conductivity) value was at 207.8 μS/cm (±94.3) mean insufficient nutrition. Therefore, it is suggested that enhance the fertility to improve the current problem on hedges growth.
SEARCHING FOR RESPONSIBLE VISITORS: NATIONAL PARK VISITORS' COMPLIANCE ATTITUDES WITH ECOTOURISM GUIDELINES
Tsung-chiung Wu, Kuang-Ying Huang, Te-Tai Peng, Ting-Chen Chuang
In order to accomplish the principles of ecotourism, resource conservation and benefits
to local community, responsible behaviors by visitors are necessary. It means that visitors' compliances with ecotourism guidelines become critical as we intend to actualize the ideological beliefs of ecotourism. The primary purpose of this study is to examine tourist's intensions to behave responsibly when they participate eco-tours in National Parks. To analyze visitors' attitudes toward acceptable ecotourism guidelines and further to construct an Eco-tour Visitor Compliance model are accomplished in this research. Total 420 visitors participating in Yangmingshan' eco-tour program “Embrace Yangminshan" were sampled and interviewed on the designed trails. 388 of them were effective questionnaires and used for further analysis. Results indicate that the overall Eco-tour Visitor Compliance level is relatively high for most Yangmingshan National Park visitors. Visitors show highly compliances to avoid evident environmental damages; but less enthusiasm to obey rules for less visible destructions or rules which might impede their travel pleasure. Six variables, including external environment condition, valuing environment, automatic compliances, age, occupation, and participating interpretation program, are significant in Eco-tour Visitor Compliance model. The strongest explanatory power of eco-tourism beliefs in the model illustrates the importance of environmental educations for promoting responsible ecotourism.